gear material selection pdf

Considering the need for high 141 0 obj <>stream Aluminium bronze casting ”Û©8²1}çÉÑ3ØİÌÉ•Áı¡D¨’Å„!àäaw¦9²-Byˆ_Ìc8Ç ÃÎÆ´qâÙ‚±,¸rŞg7aP`h`b�SeNÛ@30ÙÍr@€ ıbà Download. Gear material selection Selection of material for the gear pair have become a very essential task for the mentioned application as the mechanism is open to the atmosphere. 0000011748 00000 n 6i_`]V-5W. Electrical Properties Voltage requirementsrequirements • Dielectric strength Tracking requirements Insulation requirements Surface and volume resistivity Conductive/Dissipative Plastic Materials Selection. 0000009737 00000 n ters, namely, gear materials, gear manufacture, and heat treatment. Selecting 0 Appearance Color LVen#[OS_s\r*KL(!2AJJeL1YPM*mA9IA=Y.P! Gear Materials and Heat Treatments / It is essential to select proper materials and heat treatments in accordance with the intended application of the gear. Mitre and Bevel Gears Straight cut gears to the Gleason System up to 250mm diameter, can be provided in a variety of materials. Table 9.1 Types of Gear Materials. Mating Helical Gear Selection Chart ( Allowable × Not allowable) Catalog No. l=bBD456mcU1l! Circular pitch (CP) is a direct measurement of the distance from one tooth center to the adjacent tooth center. RADIAL SHAFT SEALS . PDF | This study aims to select optimum materials for particular spur gear designs. (1) metallic material: Steel: it is more common material of manufacturing of gears. rd<2Z\gY%u5&um9[rZAr,3-^:h#?Ag#:>n&cLQ^S06L GEAR MATERIALS, PROPERTIES, AND MANUFACTURE. [7>t:%Men2WHpWW"KgM;*>%e#TrWlQRF5d@`kk*e=k&GWk:RAFZ This paper. 0000011381 00000 n =@WTN2.\D9)_j?TFjZ)!V3d]MC=/6kH:.dpM)T]! Alloy steels are most favoured gear material. 0000007495 00000 n Gear Material Selection Guidelines Many factors influence the selection of materials for gears, and the relative importance of each can vary. 86 0 obj <> endobj endstream endobj 99 0 obj<>stream startxref Initial gear material selection – What are the advantages and disadvantages of the various gear material choices, including steel, cast iron, ductile iron, plastics, bronze and more exotic choices. 2008-28-0055. ]Y/t`4,N9`1ZrIr%W=;C&"\R" trailer 0000003551 00000 n &mD@j63Q_-#_D.g7:M_:XNo,Bf$;RB 9.1 Major stages of design and the related stages of materials selection II Stages of Design Stages of Materials Selection Configuration (Embodiment) Design Develop a qualitative sketch of each part giving only the order of magnitude of the main dimensions but showing the main features –walls, bosses, ribs, holes, grooves, etc Bronze is a stronger material than aluminium, but what other mechanical properties make it a better selection of material choice. [=,KmQ7c_Ubo>(1!uc*\D446W4s#IDGeY1tB<1Ji'$)c%a3ZUtMQiDL? 0000018563 00000 n 0000001674 00000 n 13 Gears—General Chapter Outline 13-1 Types of Gears 13-2 Nomenclature 13-3 Conjugate Action 13-4 Involute Properties 13-5 Fundamentals 13-6 Contact Ratio 13-7 Interference 13-8 The Forming of Gear Teeth 13-9 Straight Bevel Gears 13-10 Parallel Helical Gears 13-11 Worm Gears 13-12 Tooth Systems 13-13 Gear Trains 13-14 Force Analysis—Spur Gearing 13-15 Force Analysis—Bevel Gearing F+O trailer Liquid flows into the cavity and is trapped by the gear teeth as they rotate. 6.1 Seals design 54 . in the landing gear beam. ( 2 ) Care should be taken to the number of teeth when meshing a large (internal) gear with 0000027057 00000 n 0000446320 00000 n 90 0 obj<>stream >P?u@;Pc=u@A^.tgp? This reduces the overall weight of the gear to 61,600 kg (135,700 lbs.) endstream endobj 89 0 obj<> endobj 91 0 obj<> endobj 92 0 obj<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 93 0 obj<> endobj 94 0 obj<> endobj 95 0 obj<> endobj 96 0 obj<> endobj 97 0 obj<> endobj 98 0 obj<>stream Although the information and statements herein are believed to be accurate, no guarantee of their accuracy is made. 9.1 Major stages of design and the related stages of materials selection II Stages of Design Stages of Materials Selection Configuration (Embodiment) Design Develop a qualitative sketch of each part giving only the order of magnitude of the main dimensions but showing the main features –walls, bosses, ribs, holes, grooves, etc 0000002060 00000 n economical gear solution; but for those applications where standard gears cannot be used, special gears and racks can be manufactured within the following limits. W\"^=K<9Gg$a?>KR3Hqm45MT9:*(=IX1`W93Ve+EAm..a]]0U*]bIJ(Sr#:T?-nGJ,DV? It is suitable for carburizing and quenching. They are Metallic and non metallic material. Selection of Gear Materials. Heat treatment processes and their relation to gear performance, cost, reliability and load 0000449560 00000 n the box Y gear has 165mm (6.51 in). 0000430147 00000 n For gear teeth, 3. Characteristics Selection Hints 1. A complete gear train design will necessarily involve considerations of strength of materials and the complicated stress states to which gear teeth are subjected. 6.2 Type and destinations of materials 54 . [10] focused on solving the gear material selection problems using VIKOR method which had become a popular MCDM tool. 2. ^5@*Nl#8)"o"B6_YX>C4A)h3@E55i 0000001016 00000 n Gear material. 6.1 Seals design 54 . 6i_`]V-5W. 6.2 Type and destinations of materials 54 . Chapter 6 53 . Chapter 6 53 . 0000020326 00000 n As the gears come out of mesh, they create expanding volume on the inlet side of the pump. h)SPY[j!o]L!2V]&-[r+J=PZC7j9[,#.q^E(J[R17n_u@Escd(RG0+arB>S3[.#S* 0000008931 00000 n 0000018211 00000 n ÙH³ÙUºÔ-êKõ{ìÉÏ@‚9'Ûc;ÿ׳Õfñºş¹úğ²yÙ®ŸV¯ÛõÒm×n ÷}¸şøˆ;œApõÕ•ÆîétÜ߆߿Ãõ-9róo±'ğk.ì95rö957BÿØıÀi¾Ô?oÃÅäñŞİ=¿®¶ÏÈååy±ùuş÷P½3¶CÌÙÇZ“«ä¹µª¾.şS»w1#Ì3—“Ï9›Ùı®×‹ÍÎ=,¶?.İçß�H(ñ*„ÀæÂ3suWäCHóf¸x{{ó‹İÓzœ•Ù~Wóë[îÏ�ÍgmJÅŠ’™}†g‹ıq:™¹ûÉ|:»›üùx©×ƒ×¸�ğcÑfŸ¦³ùİôñÒM>İt+)”Ϭî'Ÿ¾ÜN>̦̿=�¸¯zÙ§a®É×T›äƒ. Material : Carbon Steel for … Harmonic Drive gear input was driven at a nominal input speed of 52.36 rad/s (500 rpm). Factors of Material Selection. 0000424160 00000 n SELECTION . This method is suitable for gear material selection. 0000006563 00000 n 0000008644 00000 n In view of the application of gear pairs, primarily two types of materials were chosen, viz., metals and plastics. 0000006042 00000 n If a material is incorrectly chosen it can lead to not only failure but also will add up to the manufacturing cost. startxref p&jZOpe>d`HQT/,Mh&;.>:?BM8_uiq&t.GQqb)CVqOtQ7`fgkf?&O``X#u:MET1]* 0000433096 00000 n 0000007160 00000 n xref They won't notice the torque from 180HP. 2. BCXQj22S#eEu[ 1-8 Materials for Gears and Heat Treatment. 0000411215 00000 n 0000000016 00000 n (sX.um)KV*K/aG^?T1E.hF6s*Jh#.pR#BgQ@_(R]_l#@$?h(U,>\oU1 as a tee configuration. Fig. Case hardening steels provide the ideal features required for gear material. %PDF-1.6 %���� &&YJ)7tGqBFT%qDU3Og_C]ob?C5LL*Nn_)1#c3'3u$l' If you haven't drawn it up yet I'd try to incorporate those gears. GEAR QUALITY AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES. 0000433471 00000 n %Te^Qa)a/^(`FC-Yo&E],?/ql6WFmZTPOPIe4)2gXo1(Bae*9>L:@dIR'#kD)20/h in a box Y con-figuration but 67,500 kg (148,700 lbs.) 0000018910 00000 n 86 56 This reduces the overall weight of the gear to 61,600 kg (135,700 lbs.) Lubrication-related failures (pitting, wear, and scuffing), elastohydrodynamic lubrication, lubricant selection, and gear lubricant application are among the subjects described. 0000015289 00000 n endstream endobj 87 0 obj <> endobj 88 0 obj <> endobj 89 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 576.0 774.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 90 0 obj <> endobj 91 0 obj <> endobj 92 0 obj <> endobj 93 0 obj <> endobj 94 0 obj <> endobj 95 0 obj <. 0000010453 00000 n selection of aircraft type and shape, determination of geometric parameters, selection of power plant, structural design and ... Rate of climb, Stall Speed, Aerobatic capability, Gear configuration, .Construction material. m"GVc*P4#Q1FNQ1+6fn(TGQ3'&Lp)P1g0u];i/5H+m&NM45fLCm94!VCY3sPqPnHV Material Selection Strategy Selection of a material is a very vital and significant step in the process of Designing (Spur Gear in this case). Broadly speaking, Gear types may be grouped into five major categories. 0000003053 00000 n 0000019851 00000 n H‰\UİN£G½ÿ�b®**Á0öxş.Ó%l©Ê. 4 3n5h^h:D7Z+P?rlEd>gnVUGDHKr>:;@X>idbkd:,*cP5O1=*KNQ!=_$I)Tt,!7=Ka>-ZW]SdT3*2A:M@PU9$p2?GZ`I4i"K>t+2V^5!&pu`uac5c,i+e9DY+5Wf%S*5Oe3*T+LqKu@IO50)0 DK9s3BhrhhFDhSMpJ./+>o'a>p,0B_JWetFGV,]t\kk-co>+C+?S=R5?Ft@IN\0JS We have created formal documented Quality Assurance program that follows ISO 9000 Standards, a Quality Assurance Manual, and a Standard Operating Procedures Manual. j7NtZYI!-6+.sj+T. @le:?%H1_nMR15$htO7"B@l\7RG Landing gear beam materials are mainly β and near-β alloys. 0000029649 00000 n %PDF-1.3 %âãÏÓ Turnout Gear Materials. 6.4 Temperature limits according to material types 55 Selection of Gear Materials (Reprinted from Handbook of Gears, Stock drive products) Component Design | Material Database | Gear Design | Home Page | (Reprinted from Handbook of Gears, Stock drive products) 0000429240 00000 n Initial gear material selection – What are the advantages and disadvantages of the various gear material choices, including steel, cast iron, ductile iron, plastics, bronze and more exotic choices. 0000017060 00000 n This text will not deal with the stress analysis aspects of gear … the modern industrial widely various gear materials are used. 0000006527 00000 n 0000029398 00000 n (sX.um)KV*K/aG^?T1E.hF6s*Jh#.pR#BgQ@_(R]_l#@$?h(U,>\oU1 29 Full PDFs related to this paper. )O(tX 4 0000020012 00000 n j7NtZYI!-6+.sj+T. 8;U9l%X#%#46M'fpO1OH6sZKb,*W#!M=*[HlXkPV01"`^p^>pQM\[gB*3Q99Jij LVen#[OS_s\r*KL(!2AJJeL1YPM*mA9IA=Y.P! ELECTRE (I, II, III, and IV) is a method for dealing with the problem of ranking alternatives from the best to the worst. They are Spur, Helical, Bevel, Hypoid, and Worm. gear is driven by a motor and it in turn drives the other gear. Gross weight, etc. Athawale et al. p+3AB`<6A6Jp\1m9/3U1kmCW?hND%u(j!iUC[qIMtq$4'f]RKXoTskml xÚb```f``ñ``’² cc`aàøp€�a^–$×fOæ,¼Òt‹s³£|Š“»2U]U®8FdÌ[•-f™2Ká¤Bá„@“‰!Q/æ­J�æ±,”UØS (ØÚ©4k—úª©@Y�Iìè started off being made from wood, then iron and wood, later steel and then surface-hardened and case- carburized steel. 0000449476 00000 n H‰\UİN£G½ÿ�b®**Á0öxş.Ó%l©Ê. 2. 0000004317 00000 n 0000001812 00000 n p+3AB`<6A6Jp\1m9/3U1kmCW?hND%u(j!iUC[qIMtq$4'f]RKXoTskml The Ashby's method was employed as the materials selection strategy to consolidate and evaluate the data collected from the current literature in a comprehensive and consistent analysis. 0000017989 00000 n In the meshing of an internai gear with an external gear the rotation goes in the same direction. %%EOF 0000007272 00000 n 0000439676 00000 n Diametral pitch (DP) is the ratio of the number of teeth to the pitch diameter of a gear; a higher DP therefore indicates finer tooth spacing. GEAR MATERIAL SELECTION … They are fixed-center sets and there is a very large selection. Material selection is based on Process such as forging, die-casting, machining, welding and injection moulding and application as type of load for Knife Edges and Pivots, to minimize Thermal Distortion, for Safe Pressure Vessels, Stiff, High Damping Materials, etc. 2. @�#�8�� 0000021228 00000 n Selecting Case hardening steels provide the ideal features required for gear material. 0000027889 00000 n VuY5kQf5.%"iPR4R#)%PU*j/+?JOD2O?i@PDDXr?Dq1;-R;&:Btr In this paper, a mechanical gear actuated solar tracking system has been proposed that uses a pair of involute spur gears, and for which the material selection is to be done. economical gear solution; but for those applications where standard gears cannot be used, special gears and racks can be manufactured within the following limits. 0000413865 00000 n 0000007386 00000 n Gear tribology and lubrication is covered in Chapter 2. VuY5kQf5.%"iPR4R#)%PU*j/+?JOD2O?i@PDDXr?Dq1;-R;&:Btr @_0CsEO0CId\i=s_3&17.f_VDp"805MSX"2@k@ak8Z7;4Pq/ 0000002196 00000 n For gear teeth, 3. Overall economy becomes the deciding factor for selection of the process dynamic. )rmA#RIWR(pBI4h-o=jn%J!-4Ku0ZV:^65Y+/2J#NcI(R#NDda"!H,qBR`=,kmJ7Vl7rEfb>H;&]tjRQiRYJ^2k MATERIAL SELECTION GUIDE This selector guide is intended to help you review the needs of your particular application and determine a few material candidates that can then be tested. )O(tX @le:?%H1_nMR15$htO7"B@l\7RG 0000452430 00000 n f$O]2R\"I9fqUC"T&./I>8gCN1$7=\oDZl7Ut@s+V^4fMfX;@;RUXF?@-! )rmA#RIWR(pBI4h-o=jn%J!-4Ku0ZV:^65Y+/2J#NcI(R#NDda"!H,qBR`=,kmJ7Vl7rEfb>H;&]tjRQiRYJ^2k p&jZOpe>d`HQT/,Mh&;.>:?BM8_uiq&t.GQqb)CVqOtQ7`fgkf?&O``X#u:MET1]* %%EOF KHG SH Module 1~3 2~3 Material SCM440 S45C Heat Treatment Thermal refi ned, Gear teeth induction hardened ― Tooth Surface Finish Ground Cut Precision JIS B 1702-1:1998 N6 N8 0000001487 00000 n 0000013455 00000 n Box 1426, Elk Grove Village, IL 60007, (847) 437-6604. Plastic Materials Selection. [:ECKfof Pitch is a measure of tooth spacing and is expressed in several ways. Material Selection Strategy Selection of a material is a very vital and significant step in the process of Designing (Spur Gear in this case). A complete list of all the prospective materials from the best to the worst is obtained, taking into account multi-conflicting material selection attributes. These factors include: Mechanical Properties, Grade and Heat Treatment, Cleanliness, Dimensional Stablility, Availability and Cost, Hardenability and Size Effects Machinability and Other Manufacturing Characteristics STRATEGIES FOR AUTOMOBILE GEAR MATERIAL SELECTION. SELECTION . 0000002766 00000 n endstream endobj 100 0 obj<> endobj 101 0 obj<>stream NFPA-certified turnout gear consists of a three-layer ensemble made up of an outer shell, moisture barrier, and thermal liner with each layer performing a critical function. Make splined shafts to accept the quick-change spur gears used in stock cars and sprint cars. W\"^=K<9Gg$a?>KR3Hqm45MT9:*(=IX1`W93Ve+EAm..a]]0U*]bIJ(Sr#:T?-nGJ,DV? <<289eb8c0b61571458110fae5fdc5ed85>]>> Almost all types of Steel have been used in this manufacturing purpose. 0000015238 00000 n 0000004133 00000 n Gear Materials, Selection, Metallurgy March 19-21, 2019 | Hilton Garden Inn Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV Register Now Course Outline (pdf) Registration Form (pdf) Course Description. A complete list of all the prospective materials from the best to the worst is obtained, taking into account multi-conflicting material selection attributes. 0000014388 00000 n READ PAPER. Overall economy becomes the deciding factor for selection of the process dynamic. 3n5h^h:D7Z+P?rlEd>gnVUGDHKr>:;@X>idbkd:,*cP5O1=*KNQ!=_$I)Tt,!7=Ka>-ZW]SdT3*2A:M@PU9$p2?GZ`I4i"K>t+2V^5!&pu`uac5c,i+e9DY+5Wf%S*5Oe3*T+LqKu@IO50)0 0000008339 00000 n The materials herein described are generally used in Japan. It is the Gears that decides the torque, speed and direction of rotation of all the driven machine elements. Fabricated steel and ductile iron designs cannot take advantage of a box Y design due to cost of construction and material flow during the production pro- 1. F+O Gear material selection Selection of material for the gear pair have become a very essential task for the mentioned application as the mechanism is open to the atmosphere. 8;XEICK+6c'u&9&Efk.E`p5/h\I"]QMLZ=*ZjHjLF;48!==mD,#*i^#!l;Z31PiRe 0000012165 00000 n 0000009783 00000 n American Gear, Inc. has implemented our own in-house Quality Control Department to ensure you receive the excellence that you deserve. �hT�@�y��-�"�{ �+�n�� ݳ��cf�K%4ǘ�or���n��$�/��j����w�u�2�YnB=��vy�kIߞ����v����e���Ij����RQpo�9z'0���X7¥�N�3�6�V��*�C'�M ����y`�5Iטm���9s���Y�@��bf@PʞH�`}��!e�,C��/��ifY���Z�%M��_\ ���q�ۄ�h��`=^:�A��\���5���aXȶW�37vĞ2.���&�ҽ�%+~Cn�̦�B�-Ɇ��"MUa�N �$O�����攜u٠�K~ L�W�Z!pZHS�5�Ddge�N�\C��w����v~Y��[�91�wtssm���i�ͩE!�>��M�n�W�Z�׀\�)8)4ס�g�ӱ�F�������&:yG?Sz�}I2����0�1y�s�|_L߮������#�"��t�3%R���[go�� ��3? 3SEgAG-7;WGmf8\irj5^RXjF;#o;KQkKZAZ6ds_&5/j_mNJE1MpXaE%IcoDcW_+T+ h)SPY[j!o]L!2V]&-[r+J=PZC7j9[,#.q^E(J[R17n_u@Escd(RG0+arB>S3[.#S* 0000010541 00000 n 2. The ranking performance of these two methods is also compared with that of the past researchers. The gears material are classified in two types. [7>t:%Men2WHpWW"KgM;*>%e#TrWlQRF5d@`kk*e=k&GWk:RAFZ Fig. His- torically, instrument gears had steel pinions and brass wheels, while gears for transmitting power (water mills, engines, etc.) Download Full PDF Package. GEAR MATERIALS, PROPERTIES, AND MANUFACTURE. Case-hardening steel The carbon content of case-hardening steel is low, usually about 0.15 to 0.20% . 0000021380 00000 n 0000005207 00000 n An advanced material selection technique called Ashby’s method … 0000434053 00000 n m"GVc*P4#Q1FNQ1+6fn(TGQ3'&Lp)P1g0u];i/5H+m&NM45fLCm94!VCY3sPqPnHV 0000000016 00000 n RADIAL SHAFT SEALS . Mitre and Bevel Gears Straight cut gears to the Gleason System up to 250mm diameter, can be provided in a variety of materials. ^5@*Nl#8)"o"B6_YX>C4A)h3@E55i 6.3 Materials recommendation 55 . FV^C(WX@]/nk+/G]Fj!3QVs$++t[lfnje='W\c*h;CZ_kbn[St#FEghB. 0000002259 00000 n Addendum circle radius, rA = Pitch circle radius × Addendum 3. g]oWM+`Kth_oTR&cE4]2pkC;rcmBDe:nC>OB#-N_pR>C3+2_o/^Z@8[T8$_f%TE/e 'HF#iKuJIfQ;@<3]n>B'1`/8tL;b>530Id$nbroCF;(HHf?dp+P3oUG0;_61rac%` 0000012960 00000 n g]oWM+`Kth_oTR&cE4]2pkC;rcmBDe:nC>OB#-N_pR>C3+2_o/^Z@8[T8$_f%TE/e It can be m… 0000007066 00000 n The gear pairs that are to be used is be of symmetric type involute profiled with standard 25° pressure angle. 0000002543 00000 n ÙH³ÙUºÔ-êKõ{ìÉÏ@‚9'Ûc;ÿ׳Õfñºş¹úğ²yÙ®ŸV¯ÛõÒm×n ÷}¸şøˆ;œApõÕ•ÆîétÜ߆߿Ãõ-9róo±'ğk.ì95rö957BÿØıÀi¾Ô?oÃÅäñŞİ=¿®¶ÏÈååy±ùuş÷P½3¶CÌÙÇZ“«ä¹µª¾.şS»w1#Ì3—“Ï9›Ùı®×‹ÍÎ=,¶?.İçß�H(ñ*„ÀæÂ3suWäCHóf¸x{{ó‹İÓzœ•Ù~Wóë[îÏ�ÍgmJÅŠ’™}†g‹ıq:™¹ûÉ|:»›üùx©×ƒ×¸�ğcÑfŸ¦³ùİôñÒM>İt+)”Ϭî'Ÿ¾ÜN>̦̿=�¸¯zÙ§a®É×T›äƒ, q,rr_Ah`1<< 2]B[@,Z=i>"Ag=,GkjU-PDYCn;,MG8SX2"21Y(#YmCpf4G4d&cArY9j?X7<8rT!6c Gear Design. 1.1.1.3. Zg&ef_5-UUig5A"+C;Jh2>Wt`OcDm,`u+B`bts\NXUJgR6CqlbTHmE>hfDUkY,Xqo 9.1 Types of Gear Materials. Spur Gears 0000014493 00000 n A short summary of this paper. 2. <]/Prev 996218>> boiler material, wher eas, Haynes 230 was the worst preferred choice. YPK#B!8l;!1&~> 88 36 ,9o;KQRst+P%](N2,J40e,Hu+Wf:_n$H#oWZq.0!0:-ObafW\[cn/IY1P'CLMC)^UkWd>7 @_0CsEO0CId\i=s_3&17.f_VDp"805MSX"2@k@ak8Z7;4Pq/ endstream endobj 100 0 obj<> endobj 101 0 obj<>stream 0000027370 00000 n 0000001407 00000 n The statements and 0000022841 00000 n Quality Gear Manufacturing Standards. 6.4 Temperature limits according to material types 55 0000008099 00000 n ,9o;KQRst+P%](N2,J40e,Hu+Wf:_n$H#oWZq.0!0:-ObafW\[cn/IY1P'CLMC)^UkWd>7 Zg&ef_5-UUig5A"+C;Jh2>Wt`OcDm,`u+B`bts\NXUJgR6CqlbTHmE>hfDUkY,Xqo 0000003584 00000 n 0000027463 00000 n Cover price $5.00 U.S. Periodical post-age paid at Arlington Heights, IL, and at additional mailing office In our experience, at a simplified level, there are three factors that are most important when selecting a gear material. 6.3 Materials recommendation 55 . Each gear is supported by a shaft with bearings on both sides of the gear.

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